AUSTRALIA
Country Guide

Have you decided to Move to Australia ?
Whether you’re planning a tourist trip or a business relocation, here’s what you should know before you go.

General Overview

• Official country name: Commonwealth of Australia
• Location: Oceania, Southern Hemisphere
• Capital city: Canberra
• Official language: English
• Currency: Australian Dollar (AUD)
• Time zone: Ranges from UTC+8 to UTC+11 (due to multiple time zones and daylight saving in some regions)

Culture & Traditions

• Key customs to be aware of:
  • A relaxed and friendly social culture, but punctuality is expected in business settings
  • Strong coffee culture, with many Australians preferring independent cafés over chains
  • Respect for indigenous Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures
• Number of official public holidays: 7 national holidays (+ additional state-specific holidays)
  • New Year’s Day (Jan 1)
  • Australia Day (Jan 26)
  • Good Friday (Varies)
  • Easter Monday (Varies)
  • Anzac Day (Apr 25)
  • Christmas Day (Dec 25)
  • Boxing Day (Dec 26)
• Main traditional dishes and local drinks:
  • Meat pies, Vegemite on toast, barramundi, fish and chips, pavlova
  • Local drinks: Flat white (coffee), Australian wines, craft beers
• Languages spoken daily and common expressions:
  • English is dominant, with Australian slang widely used (e.g., “G’day” = Hello, “Arvo” = Afternoon, “No worries” = It’s okay)
• Specific clothing and behavioral norms:
  • Casual dress code is common, but business attire is formal in corporate settings
  • Outdoor activities (beaches, sports) are an important part of daily life

Demographics & Society

• Total population: About 26 million
• Major ethnic groups: Predominantly of European descent, with growing Asian and Middle Eastern communities; Indigenous Australians make up about 3%
• Main religion(s): Predominantly Christian, but a significant number of non-religious people and growing multicultural religious diversity
• General safety level: Very high, with low crime rates in most areas
• Attitude towards foreigners and diversity: Generally welcoming, multicultural society with a high proportion of immigrants

Key Cities & Regions

• Capital city: Canberra (457,000 people) – Known for its government institutions and museums
• Major cities:
  • Sydney (5.3 million people) – Iconic Harbour Bridge, Opera House, vibrant economy
  • Melbourne (5.2 million people) – Cultural capital, renowned for coffee and arts
  • Brisbane (2.6 million people) – Warm climate, gateway to the Great Barrier Reef. Read more here…
  • Perth (2.1 million people) – Isolated yet modern city with beautiful beaches
  • Adelaide (1.4 million people) – Known for wine regions and festivals
• Must-visit regions or landmarks:
  • Great Barrier Reef, Uluru (Ayers Rock), Sydney Opera House, Great Ocean Road, Daintree Rainforest

Weather & Climate

• Type of climate: Varies by region – temperate in the south, tropical in the north, desert in the interior
• Average seasonal temperatures:
  • Summer (Dec–Feb): 25–35°C in most areas
  • Autumn (Mar–May): 15–25°C
  • Winter (Jun–Aug): 5–20°C, with snow in alpine regions
  • Spring (Sep–Nov): 15–25°C
• Best times to visit: Spring (Sep–Nov) and autumn (Mar–May) for pleasant weather

Practical Information

• Entry requirements: Visa required for most visitors (working holiday, student, skilled migration visas available)
• Local transportation options: Extensive public transport in major cities (buses, trains, trams), rideshare apps widely used
• Cost of living:
  • High in Sydney and Melbourne, moderate in other cities
  • Average rent in Sydney: $2,500 AUD/month for a one-bedroom apartment. Read more here…
  • Meal at a restaurant: $20–30 AUD
• Electrical outlets and voltage used: Type I plug, 230V / 50Hz
• Emergency numbers: 000 (police, fire, ambulance)

Visitor Tips

• Gestures to avoid or cultural taboos:
  • Do not mock Aboriginal culture or use offensive stereotypes
  • Avoid excessive tipping – it’s not expected as in the U.S.
• Specific regulations:
  • Strict biosecurity laws (do not bring fresh food, plants, or animal products)
  • Alcohol laws vary by state (some restrictions on late-night alcohol sales)
• Tips for integrating locally:
  • Australians value friendliness and humor – lighthearted conversations help
  • Sport is a big part of culture (cricket, rugby, AFL, soccer)
• Potential risks or important considerations:
  • Harsh sun – always wear sunscreen
  • Dangerous wildlife (snakes, spiders, marine stingers) – be aware in remote areas
  • Bushfires in summer – follow local warnings